Sample Paper in Econometrics. This is a sample research paper for an introductory course in econometrics. It shows how to communicate econometric work in written form. The paper integrates many writing instructions and rules into a single example and shows how they all fit together Five-page review of literature relevant to research paper topic due at the beginning of class. •March Five-page description of model or data to be used in research paper due at the beginning of class. •April Five-page summary of research paper results due at the beginning of class. •May 1. Completed research paper (drawing on but View sample economics research paper on cost-benefit analysis. Browse economics research paper topics for more inspiration. If you need a thorough research paper written according to all the academic standards, you can always turn to our experienced writers for help
Economics Research Paper Topics - EssayEmpire
Sample Paper in Econometrics. This is a sample research paper for an introductory course in econometrics. It shows how to communicate econometric work in written form. The paper integrates many writing instructions and rules into a single example and shows how they all fit together. You should pay attention to the structure of the paper: how it is divided into sections and how each section serves a distinct purpose. You should also note how the descriptive statistics and empirical results are presented.
The paper includes numerous notes in the margins. These notes explain the purpose of each paragraph, and provide comments on tables and other aspects of the economics research paper example. The margin notes are there to make you aware of the writing process.
They are designed to help you bridge the gap between reading and understanding on one hand, and writing and creating knowledge on the other. The readings which have been assigned in your economics courses are finished products which you are able to read and understand. However, in order for you to be able to create a finished product yourself, you need to become aware of how such a product economics research paper example created. The notes in the margins reveal the thinking and consideration that go into each section, paragraph and table, and should therefore help you in writing your own paper.
It is worth emphasizing that you should use this paper only as a guide. You should not copy the paper and simply fill in your own names, words and numbers. You can deviate from the order and purpose of each paragraph in order to meet the needs of your own work. You can add separate sections on prior literature, methodology or theory. Such sections would normally come after the introduction.
The sample paper includes the discussion of prior literature in the introduction. The theory and methodology are folded into the Introduction, Data and Empirical Results sections. The absence of a separate theory or methodology sections is not uncommon in applied empirical papers. However, theory or methodology sections are a must when the empirical question is derived from an explicit theoretical model or when the methodology requires a longer explanation.
You are also welcome to include additional tables or graphs. What should remain the same, though, is that each section, paragraph, table and graph has a purpose, and that they are organized in a logical manner. For printer friendly version click here. Concepts illustrated in the paper The list is expandable. Click on the concept to see its description. Writing Style:. Conventions in an Empirical Paper:. Does pay inequality within a team affect performance? Introduction The business of sports draws considerable attention from the media and the general public.
Fans economics research paper example sports writers frequently speculate about the effects of money on athletic performance. There is general agreement that more financial resources usually lead to better athletic performance.
In team sports, higher economics research paper example can be used to lure better players from other teams and therefore improve performance.
However, economics research paper example, performance can also be affected by pay inequality among players within a team. On the one hand, pay inequality could have a negative effect because it may hinder cooperation among team members. In many sports, team cooperation is critical for good performance. If pay inequality creates tensions or animosity among team members, performance is likely to suffer. On the other hand, inequality could have a positive effect on performance by providing incentives.
Pay inequality might also enhance performance if low paid players learn from high paid players. This would happen when pay inequality is associated with skill inequality. For example, if a highly paid superstar can teach other players, economics research paper example, the overall performance of economics research paper example team may improve.
Given that arguments can be made both ways, it is not surprising that there is little agreement on the effects of pay inequality on team performance. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether, on balance, the effect of pay inequality on performance is positive or negative. First, team managers can use this information to make decisions about which players to hire. For example, should they hire one expensive superstar and two inexpensive players, or three medium-priced players?
If we find that pay inequality leads to poor team performance, then the team may perform better with three medium-priced players than one superstar and two low-priced players. Second, because salaries are a large part of contract negotiations between player associations and team owners, understanding the effects of pay inequality on performance can economics research paper example determine optimal policies. For example, if pay inequality has a negative effect on performance, an argument for a higher minimum salary economics research paper example be made.
There are a number of studies that look at the economics research paper example of pay inequality economics research paper example performance. DeBrock, Hendricks and Koenker study the effects of pay inequality on performance in Major League Baseball MLB. They find that pay inequality is associated with poor performance. Frick, Prinze and Winklemann look at the effects of pay inequality in all four major leagues in North America. They find that inequality improves team performance in basketball and worsens team performance in baseball.
They find no statistically significant effect of inequality on performance in football and hockey. This paper looks at the effects of inequality on performance in MLB, economics research paper example. It differs from that of DeBrock, Hendricks and Koenker in that it uses the most recent data. While the previous authors use data from throughI use data from the latest two seasons: and Another difference is that I use a different measure of pay inequality.
Data The data on pay inequality was constructed in the following way. From the USA Today salary database, I collected annual salaries for each player in all MLB teams during the and seasons. I summed the salaries of all players for each team and each season to obtain the total payroll. The active roster in baseball is 25, but the database includes salaries of disabled players as well. Therefore, the number of players for each team ranges from 25 to For example, for a 30 player team I summed the salaries of the highest paid 6 players and divide that amount by total payroll.
To measure performance I use the percentage of games won in the regular season. This data comes from BaseballReference, economics research paper example.
It does not include performance during league championships or the World Series. However, with games per regular season, economics research paper example, the winning percentage can be regarded as a reasonable measure of performance.
This is also the measure used by DeBrock, Hendricks and Koenker In addition to pay inequality and performance, I use data on the total payroll of each team. This is a measure of financial resources which could be an important determinant of performance. I measure payroll in current dollars and do not adjust for inflation. While dollars are not exactly comparable to dollars, inflation was low enough not to influence the results significantly.
Table 1 shows the descriptive statistics of each variable. This implies that on a 30 player team, the six best paid players earn more than the remaining 24 combined. The team with the highest inequality was the Colorado Rockies during the season. The maximum winning percentage in the data is for the St, economics research paper example. Finally, the last row in Table 1 shows that the average payroll is about 70 million dollars.
The range of payroll is quite striking. It goes from less than 20 million dollars for the Tampa Bay Rays to over million for the New York Yankees. Table 1: Descriptive Statistics. Payroll in mil. Empirical Results I estimate three different specifications. The dependent variable in each specification is performance, as measured by the percentage of games won. Pay inequality and total payroll are the independent variables. Table 2 shows the results. This indicates that teams with higher pay inequality tend to win fewer games.
Table 2: Regression Economics research paper example. Adjusted R-squared. Number of observations is Standard errors are in parentheses. In the second specification I include total payroll as an independent variable. Payroll is a measure of the financial resources which can affect performance - the higher the payroll, the higher the quality of players and, generally, the better the performance.
Therefore, economics research paper example, including payroll may increase the precision of the estimated coefficient on pay inequality. More importantly, it is possible that pay inequality is correlated with total payroll. If low payroll teams tend to have more pay inequality, then the coefficient on pay inequality in specification 1 is biased.
Teams with high pay inequality may perform worse not because of pay inequality, but because they are also the teams with a lower payroll. Therefore, in order to measure the effect of pay inequality on performance, I need to control for total payroll.
HOW TO WRITE A RESEARCH PAPER -Beginners Guide to Writing Quality Essays from An Oxford Grad Student
, time: 7:36Cost-Benefit Analysis Research Paper - iResearchNet
Encompassing the traditional economics research paper topics as well as those that economists have only more recently addressed, this list will meet the needs of several types of readers. Students of economics will find summaries of theory and models in key areas of micro- and macroeconomics Five-page review of literature relevant to research paper topic due at the beginning of class. •March Five-page description of model or data to be used in research paper due at the beginning of class. •April Five-page summary of research paper results due at the beginning of class. •May 1. Completed research paper (drawing on but Sample Paper in Econometrics. This is a sample research paper for an introductory course in econometrics. It shows how to communicate econometric work in written form. The paper integrates many writing instructions and rules into a single example and shows how they all fit together
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